الجمعة، 23 أغسطس 2019

Toni Morrison, a life well- lived



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This article was published in The Egyptian Gazette on August 22nd, 2019


          Nobel Prize-winning author Toni Morrison died Monday fifth of August in New York. The literary titan, who became the first African American woman to win the Nobel Prize for Literature, was 88.
The Morrison family released a statement through Morrison’s publisher, Knoph and Random House: “It is with profound sadness we share that, following a short illness, our adored mother and grandmother, Toni Morrison, passed away peacefully last night surrounded by family and friends.  She was an extremely devoted mother, grandmother, and aunt who reveled in being with her family and friends. The consummate writer who treasured the written word, whether her own, her students or others, she read voraciously and was most at home when writing.  Although her passing represents a tremendous loss, we are grateful she had a long, well-lived life.”
Robert Gottlieb, her longtime editor at Knopf, added: “She was a great woman and a great writer, and I don’t know which I will miss more.”

When she won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1993, it was because she “in novels characterized by visionary force and poetic import, gives life to an essential aspect of American reality.” Every one of her works revels in blackness in a different way as it exists in the American society in the past and the present.
Celebrated and embraced by countless people all over the world, Morrison’s works tackled the hidden details about life for African Americans. Her first novel, The Bluest Eye, was published in 1970 and kick started her career of masterpieces, which spanned over four decades, including titles like Beloved, Song of Solomon, and Sula. She was also ahead of her time in figuring out how to maintain a work-life balance.  My personal all time Morrison favorite is her Paradise in which she introduces feverish attempts by her black females to start an earthly paradise. She draws extensively on magic realism to explore the possibility of such a paradise on earth.

Morrison was the first female African-American editor at Random House. She held teaching positions at Howard University, Yale University, Bard College, Rutgers University, SUNY Albany, and Princeton University. Morrison published 11 works of fiction in her career, most recently “God Help the Child” in 2015, and was admired by many including celebrities like Marlon Brando and Oprah Winfrey.


In 2012, President Barack Obama presented Morrison with the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian award of the United States.
In her Nobel Prize-winning speech in 1993, Morrison foreshadowed how we remember her today: “We die. That may be the meaning of life. But we do language. That may be the measure of our lives.”

Memorable – and powerful – quotes from Morrison’s works and interviews.

“You wanna fly, you got to give up the sh-t that weighs you down.”
Song of Solomon, 1977

“Freeing yourself was one thing, claiming ownership of that freed self was another.”
Beloved, 1977

“Love is or it ain’t. Thin love ain’t love at all.”
Beloved, 1977

”At some point in life the world’s beauty becomes enough. You don’t need to photograph, paint or even remember it. It is enough. No record of it needs to be kept and you don’t need someone to share it with or tell it to. When that happens -that letting go – you let go because you can.”
Tar Baby, 1981

“I tell my students, ‘When you get these jobs that you have been so brilliantly trained for, just remember that your real job is that if you are free, you need to free somebody else. If you have some power, then your job is to empower somebody else. This is not just a grab-bag candy game.'”
– From the November 2003 issue of O, The Oprah Magazine

“You can’t own a human being. You can’t lose what you don’t own. Suppose you did own him. Could you really love somebody who was absolutely nobody without you? You really want somebody like that? Somebody who falls apart when you walk out the door? You don’t, do you? And neither does he. You’re turning over your whole life to him. Your whole life, girl. And if it means so little to you that you can just give it away, hand it to him, then why should it mean any more to him? He can’t value you more than you value yourself.”
Songs of Solomon, 1977

“Anger … it’s a paralyzing emotion … you can’t get anything done. People sort of think it’s an interesting, passionate, and igniting feeling — I don’t think it’s any of that — it’s helpless … it’s absence of control — and I need all of my skills, all of the control, all of my powers … and anger doesn’t provide any of that — I have no use for it whatsoever.”
– From an interview with CBS in 1987

“Love is never any better than the lover.”
– The Bluest Eye, 1970

“We die. That may be the meaning of life. But we do language. That may be the measure of our lives.”
– From Morrison’s Nobel lecture, 1993

“If there’s a book that you want to read, but it hasn’t been written yet, then you must write it”
– From her Ohio Arts Council Speech, 1981
- “I've traveled. All over. I've never seen anything like you. How could anything be put together like you? Do you know how beautiful you are? Have you looked at yourself?'

'I'm looking now.”  ― Toni Morrison, Paradise
― Toni Morrison, Paradise

“There is honey in this land sweeter than any I know of, and I have cut cane in places where the dirt itself tasted like sugar, so that's saying a heap.” 

To me, Morrison did not die; she just made the shift, the move from an earthly paradise she had attempted to a heavenly one that is sure to include her. 

الخميس، 1 أغسطس 2019

Self-eating is good for you


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This article was published by The Egyptian Gazette on August 1st, 2019

How often do you take out the garbage from your house?  Do you do it yourself or ask someone to do it for you?  How would you feel if it is never taken out?
Sounds gross? Right?
Would you live in a house in which garbage has accumulated for years? Of course you won't;  you won’t even take the garbage out and leave it by your door step; it has to go for good… maybe recycling it is the best option.
Well, the analogy I am about to draw may be a bit disgusting but it is totally true.  Imagine your body to be the house in which you live.  After all, you are a spiritual being housed into the material body you live in.  Your body is the home of your magnificent soul and you have to keep it clean inside and out; it is the least you can do to take care of it.
You probably know that most tissues in your body replace their cells with new ones on a regular basis. Depending on their nature and composition, different organs need their own time to renew completely. There are some tissues that do not replace their cells at all.  But have you ever wondered where the dead cells of your body end up?  where does body garbage go?  Is it flushed out somehow? or recycled?

Where does the internal garbage go?

The cells of your body constantly break down and then recycle their own parts.  Dr. Yoshinori Ohsumi, a Japanese cell biologist, spent years studying how human cells get rid of their waste. In 2016, he  got the Nobel prize in physiology and medicine  for figuring out this process which is called AUTOPHAGY.
 If this process in the body doesn't work correctly, a person can develop type 2 diabetes, Parkinson's disease, some age-related diseases, and even cancer. And it turned out that when you fast, your cells live longer and produce more energy!

What is autophagy ?

The scientific term “Autophagy”  comes  from  two Greek words :   “auto” meaning self and “phagein” which translates to “eat”.  Combined together, the words make the term Dr. Yoshinori Ohsumi used to describe the process of  recycling cell waste which literally means “self-eating”.  Sounds a bit scary and uncivil … but it is a vital process for the health and wellbeing of your body.

  
The first person who discovered autophagy was Belgian biochemist Dr. Christian de Duve.  For this discovery, he got the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1974.

His work dates back to the 1960’s when he started to examine some liver cells and noticed that they have some special storing and recycling compartments which were later called “lysosomes”.  These compartments resemble the cells of the stomach in that they contain special digestive enzymes.  With the help of the enzymes in them, lysosomes consume worn out or damaged tissues, food particles, bacteria, versus and other junk which accumulates in the cells. All this garbage is recycled into new cells and energy and that is simply the process of autophagy without which you would not survive.
In short,  lysosomes enable your body to decompose different protein structures into amino acids and use it later as the building material to create new cells.  In this case, a logical question pops up:

 Do you need to eat animal protein to build new cells?
Surprisingly, studies show that people who do not consume animal protein still have approximately the same amount of protein and carbohydrates in their digestive system as those who ate protein.
What a mystery!  Where did the protein come from?
This mystery has a simple explanation: the body can have its own protein in the form of dead and damaged cells and bacteria which have been stored away and it can use them to produce new cells.
If your natural recycling mechanism doesn't work, damaged cells and their parts start to accumulate in the body. And it ends up unable to neutralize cancer cells and cells infected by dangerous viruses and bacteria. As a result, this can lead to various serious illnesses.

Fasting helps your autophagy

Dr. Yoshinori Ohsumi found out that autophagy gets more intensive when the body is undergoing some stress. Such stress can be fasting, calorie restriction, or even starvation. In all his studies, Dr. Yoshinori Ohsumi used starvation and fasting to encourage the body to break down toxic cells and get rid of all the garbage. If you are a Muslim, you will not need to read the rest of the article since you already know that the month of Ramadan is a body and mind cleansing occasion your body celebrates every year.



However, there are some other kinds of fasting that you can try as well. Intermittent fasting, which is alternating the periods of eating and fasting, can help your body to clean itself. Besides, it can help you to lose weight and speed up your metabolism.  If you are a newbie in the world of fasting and the practice looks a bit intimidating, start with skipping your meals. In general, it is enough to skip one meal a day to boost your metabolism and trigger cleansing processes in your body. Just remember that if you've skipped a meal, you shouldn't overeat at the next one.
One more interesting conclusion you can draw from this research is that, despite what some people think, vegetarians do not suffer from a lack of animal protein. They just get it in a different way through "self-eating".   Enjoy your very own protein…